Full name: Kingdom of Sweden. Call the country’s main administrative/regional units (län) ‘counties’ in English. Official language: Swedish. Geography Cities Note Gothenburg for Göteborg. However, the Swedish form should be used in some EU-specific contexts, e.g. the Göteborg summit/process. Regions … Read More
Translation studies, as a science, is studying cognitive processes and language processes involved in oral or written reproduction (translation) or gestures towards a language, the expression of an idea from another language (vocal signs (speech), graphics (writing) or sign language). … Read More
Full name: Kingdom of Spain. The 17 political/administrative units into which Spain is divided are called Autonomous Communities in English. Translate Presidente del Gobierno as Prime Minister (of Spain). Official language: Spanish. The regional languages Catalan, Galician and Basque are … Read More
Parallel text, or multilingual concordance, is a computer tool for managing parallel corpus. By metonymy, the multilingual concordance also designates the corpus. A parallel corpus is a collection of texts by groups such as two by two in each group, … Read More
The External Translation Unit of the DGT grants access to the eXtra Portal to the contractors working for the DGT. The eXtra Portal is a website to which the contractors connect to check newly announced jobs, download and upload documents … Read More
Full name: Slovak Republic. Official language: Slovak. Geography Cities Be aware that Hungarian texts will nearly always use the Hungarian names for places in Slovakia, referring to Bratislava as Pozsony, Trnava as Nagyszombat or Košice as Kassa. Similarly, German texts … Read More
All forms that begin ‘Dear’ are less formal than those that begin ‘Sir/Madam’, ‘Excellency’, etc. Close ‘Yours sincerely’ if you are addressing a specific person, whether by name or by position. Letters to Ambassadors and permanent representatives Envelop His/Her Excellency … Read More
TRANSLITERATION TABLE FOR GREEK NAME >>> LETTER >>> UN 1987 (ELOT 743) >>> VARIANTS alpha >>> Α >>> α >>> a beta >>> Β >>> β >>> v gamma >>> Γ >>> γ >>> g + gamma >>> >>> γγ … Read More
Full name: Romania. The administrative units into which Romania is divided are called ‘judeţe’ (counties). Official language: Romanian. Geography Cities Write Bucharest for Bucureşti, but use the native forms in all other cases. Be aware that Hungarian texts may use … Read More
“Translation is entirely mysterious. Increasingly I have felt that the art of writing is itself translating, or more like translating than it is like anything else. What is the other text, the original? I have no answer. I suppose it … Read More
Approaches Direct approach: word for word translation of the source text to the target text reformulation of the word order in the target text translated Interlanguage approach: construction of the interlingua representation of the source text construction of the target … Read More
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES AND CURRENCIES OFFICIAL LANGUAGES Official/working/procedural languages. The relevant regulations do not distinguish between official and working languages. Internally, however, the Commission works in three languages — English, French and German — unofficially referred to as the ‘procedural languages’. … Read More
