Isaac Newton on the action at a distance in gravity: With or without God?

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The interpretation of Isaac Newton’s texts has sparked controversy to this day. One of the most heated debates relates to the action between two bodies distant from each other (the gravitational attraction), and to what extent Newton involved God in … Read More

Gravitational Singularities

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Within the classical theory of Newton’s gravity there is the fundamental possibility of singularity. No signal can propagate from within a singularity, but its gravitational influence is permanently present externally and depends only on the total mass, the angular momentum, … Read More