In philosophy of perception, as well as in theory of knowledge, direct realism and indirect realism are two distinct theories which have in common to assume the existence of a world independent of us, of which we can know thanks … Read More
Printing is a set of techniques allowing the reproduction in large quantities, on material support, of writings and illustrations, in order to allow mass distribution. Generally, flat supports are used and the most used material is paper or textile. These … Read More
Retributive justice or retributionism is a theory of justice – and more specifically a theory of punishment – that holds that proportional retribution is a morally acceptable response to the offense or crime, regardless of whether or not this measure … Read More
Reading is considered one of the activities which may possibly reduce the risk of developing dementia. But not all forms of reading prove equally beneficial for human cognitive development. A 2013 study found that readers of a short text on … Read More
In the defense of the interests of animals, we can distinguish two great philosophies: that defending greater animal welfare, and that claiming rights for animals. These two points of view correspond to two more general ethical conceptions: deontologists base morality … Read More
The self-publisher must know all the stages of traditional publication since he must take the place of all publishing and distribution professionals. However, they can choose to call on professionals from each sector to ensure optimal results or to use … Read More
Naturalism and natural sciences Relationship to science The naturalist perspective leads to accord philosophy to the data of the natural sciences. This agreement implies three types of requirements for the philosophy: Scientific data must be integrated into philosophical reflection; Philosophical … Read More
Book publishing is the ‘oldest’ of the media and content industries, as it can be traced back to the 1st century AD when the modern book format was introduced. The codex, a book made of a number of sheets of … Read More
Logical empiricism (sometimes called logical empiricism, neo-positivism, or rational empiricism) is a philosophical school primarily exemplified by the Vienna Circle, founded by a group of Viennese scientists and philosophers in the 1920s. The Vienna Circle was above all a place … Read More
The Pythagorean school founded by Pythagoras (580-495 BC) in Magna Graecia constitutes a brotherhood that is both scientific and religious: Pythagoreanism is indeed based on an initiation and offers its followers a way of ethics and food life, as well … Read More
Atomism is a philosophical current proposing a conception of a discontinuous universe, composed of matter and emptiness. According to atomists, the atoms that make up the universe are all of the same substance. They are indivisible and differ from each … Read More
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