An audiobook is a book or text that has been recorded to be read aloud; it can also be the result of the use of speech synthesis. The relationship to “reading” is modified by the use of hearing, rather than … Read More
Animal ethics is the branch of ethics that studies the moral responsibility of the human species towards other animals. This discipline examines the moral judgments that can be made on the current treatment of animals and asks questions about our … Read More
Moral relativism (also: ethical relativism) is a metaethics positions of practical philosophy about moral principles, judgments and beliefs on social, cultural, historical or personal circumstances. According to this position, values and judgments, especially moral judgments, are not objective and in principle not universally valid. Rather, values are dependent of cultural, historical, especially material conditions and individual … Read More
During the history of philosophy and theology, many arguments for and against the existence of God have been made. The God in question here is what is sometimes called the God of the philosophers, namely the God of the great … Read More
Newton’s second law (the fundamental principle of dynamics, or the fundamental relation of dynamics) designates a law of physics relating the mass of an object, and the acceleration it receives if forces are applied to it. We can also see … Read More
German idealism is the generic name given to a set of philosophies developed in Germany at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. Its main representatives are: Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804), Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814), … Read More
The COVID-19 crisis is unprecedented. It has disrupted our lives, economy and society and the world has been struggling to contain the pandemic. While research and innovation (R&I) are at the core of the response to the pandemic itself in the areas … Read More
Platonism or realism of ideas is a philosophical theory inspired more or less directly by the theory of forms of Plato, theory according to which there are intelligible entities in oneself, whose content is independent of the contingency of the … Read More
The philosophy of space and time is a branch of philosophy that deals with problems related to the epistemological and ontological characters of space and time. Greek thought Fulfilling all the demands of nascent rationality, Greek philosophy is by nature … Read More
In philosophy, realism refers to the position which affirms the existence of an external reality independent of our mind. Realism affirms both the existence and the independence of the world. Existence means that there is a world outside the subject, … Read More
Practical philosophy is the branch of philosophy which deals with the actions and activities of men. It classically includes moral philosophy, political philosophy; and, since Kant, the philosophy of law. Introduction Aim and nature of practical philosophy The fundamental and … Read More
Modern philosophy is the thought which, in the West, spans what historians call the modern era (1492-1789), including part of the Renaissance, the 17th century, and the Age of Enlightenment. It should not be confused with contemporary philosophy. Modern philosophy … Read More
