(Neoclassical aesthetics is a paradigmatic example of idealistic art: The Oath of the Horatii, by Jacques-Louis David (1748–1825) .) The idealism in art is an artistic approach that seeks faithful representation of reality (mimesis), to equal the artistic realism; but … Read More
Book trade is an industry that deals with the production and sale of books , in particular printed works, e-books, and other forms of media also so-called non-books. The branch is divided into three branches or trade levels – the manufacturing book trade ( publishing book trade ) , book … Read More
(Illustration of dualism by René Descartes. Sensory inputs are transmitted by the sensory organs to the pineal gland in the brain, then to the immaterial mind.) In philosophy, dualism is a strict view stating that the universe is made up … Read More
Philosophical criticism The philosopher Louis Jugnet (1913-1973) summarized the philosophical criticism of scientism in three paragraphs: “Scientism is […] the imperialism of Laboratory Science over all areas of human thought and consciousness. It is an attitude that reigned over almost … Read More
The dream argument is the assertion that the act of dreaming provides such intuitive evidence that it cannot be distinguished from that which our senses provide to us in the waking state, and that, for this reason, we cannot fully … Read More
(Hiroshima) The ethics of science is concerned with the ethical aspects of scientific research. This relates both to ethical standards within the sciences and to the social impact of the research process. The research ethics deals with the ethical principles of research and the tension between research … Read More
The equality of outcome (equality of results) is a concept of social justice that defends real equality achieved and proven in the field of human rights, both civil and political rights and economic, social and cultural rights . (In the novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, the Dodo tells Alice … Read More
Anti-speciesism is a current of philosophical and moral thought, formalized in the 1970s by Anglo-Saxon philosophers, who defend a revival of animalism, and consider that the species to which an animal belongs is not a relevant criterion to decide how … Read More
Utilitarianism is a doctrine in political philosophy or social ethics that prescribes acting (or not acting) in such a way as to maximize collective welfare, understood as the sum or average of welfare (welfare aggregate) of all sentient and affected … Read More
A thermal transfer, more commonly called heat, is, along with work, one of the modes of internal energy exchange between two systems: it is a transfer of thermal energy that takes place outside thermodynamic equilibrium. There are three types of … Read More
The ontological argument is an argument which aims to prove the existence of God. It is said to be ontological, because it bases its proof on the definition of what the being (ontos) of God is: it is in the … Read More
In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, there are some signs of a shift of paradigm, including the sudden disappearance of the “wall” ideology: “a cough was enough to make it suddenly impossible to evade the responsibility that each individual … Read More
