Empiricism (Isaac Newton) Empiricism postulates that all knowledge comes essentially from experience. Represented by the English philosophers Roger Bacon, John Locke and George Berkeley, this current postulates that knowledge is based on the accumulation of observations and measurable facts, from … Read More
Denon wing – 1st floor – Grande Galerie – Room 5 Happy these paintings which have a familiar and popular name that repeat all the mouths. Madonna with the Green Cushion! Pretty name, pretty canvas! In a charming pose of … Read More
According to Hervé Barreau, modern epistemology derives from Kant’s criticism in the eighteenth century and from the positivism of Comte in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. But it also draws on older traditions, including ancient and Cartesian traditions. It was … Read More
Richelieu wing – 2nd floor – Germanic countries, 15th century – Room 7 The moneylender and his wife are seated in their officine, a modest stall that only shows two wooden shelves where account books are next to fruit. On … Read More
Field of application of epistemology For a long time, epistemology has focused exclusively on the content of science, the history of this content, and the genealogy of the advances of this content. Science as a human institution was left to … Read More
(also known as Les bergers d’Arcadie or The Arcadian Shepherds) Richelieu wing – 2nd floor – The French Caravagges – Room 11 At the edge of a country lane stands a tumultuous stone that reminds the passerby that a dead … Read More
Nyâya The Nyâya school of philosophical speculation is based on a text called Nyâya Sûtra. It was composed by Gautama Aksapada (not to be confused with Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism), around the fourth or fifth century BC. The … Read More
Richelieu wing – 2nd floor – Holland, second half of the 17th century – Room 38 No one, better than Pieter de Hooch, knew how to render the intimacy of the Dutch houses, their solid and comfortable ease, nor to … Read More
Sully wing – 2nd floor – Greuze – Room 51 We do not have the same enthusiasm today as Diderot for the sentimental compositions of Greuze, for his family scenes whose reputation is universal, but we admire in him the … Read More
Ontology in its most general sense questions the meaning of the word “to be”. “What is being?”, considered as an inaugural question, that is to say, first in time and first in the order of knowledge, is that of the … Read More
