In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of multitasking. Normally the job is managed by the project manager and supervised by the construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect.
For the successful execution of a project, effective planning is essential. Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, site safety, availability of materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays, preparing tender documents, etc.
History
The first buildings were huts and shelters, constructed by hand or with simple tools. As cities grew during the bronze age, a class of professional craftsmen like bricklayers and carpenters appeared. Occasionally, slaves were used for construction work. In the middle ages, these were organized into guilds. In the 19th century, steam-powered machinery appeared, and later diesel- and electric powered vehicles such as cranes, excavators and bulldozers.
References
- ^ School districts increasingly seek alternate financing : North County Times – Californian
- ^ Cronin, Jeff (2005). “S. Carolina Court to Decide Legality of Design-Build Bids”. Construction Equipment Guide.
- ^ http://www.cskills.org/workinconstr/routesintoconstruction/apprenticeships/index.aspx
- ^ http://careersadvice.direct.gov.uk/helpwithyourcareer/jobprofiles/category11/
Links
- Construction at the Open Directory Project
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia.
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