Propositional logic (propositional calculus, statement logic, sentential calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes zeroth-order logic) is part of the mathematical logic. Its purpose is the study of the logical relations between “propositions” and defines the formal laws according to which the … Read More
Special Theory of Relativity (or Special relativity) is the formal theory elaborated by Albert Einstein in 1905 in order to draw all the physical consequences of Galilean relativity and the principle according to which the speed of light in a … Read More
In philosophy, it is studied above all knowledge in the sense of the state of the one who knows something. The known things themselves are also knowledge, but this second notion is not that which interests the philosophers. Likewise, knowledge, … Read More
A scientific instrument is an instrument used in science to acquire data, from nanoscale to macroscopic scales. These are mostly measuring instruments (spectrometer for example) or observation (polarizing microscope for example) or, more and more, both at once. Characterizations An … Read More
(Is there a spirit in the machine?) The mind-body problem raises the question of the relationship between the human body, the brain in particular, and the mind. Although this problem has existed almost since the beginning of philosophy (see Plato), … Read More
(Sebastian Loscher: Allegory of Justice (1536)) Civil disobedience is the public and accepted refusal to submit to a law, regulation, organization or power deemed unfair by those who challenge it, while making this refusal a peaceful weapon of combat. The … Read More
(Phylogenetic trees have the shape of dendrograms, each node of the dendrogram corresponds to a clade. ) Taxonomy (from the Greek: ταξις, taxis, ordering and νομος, nomos, norm or rule) is, in its most general sense, the discipline of classification. … Read More
(Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (German: Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten; 1785; also known as the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Grounding of the Metaphysics of Morals and the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals), by Immanuel Kant … Read More
(Aristotle, by Francesco Hayez) Aristotelianism is the name given to the doctrine derived from the works of Aristotle, from the Persian philosopher Avicenna and the Andalusian philosopher Averroes in particular, then gradually adopted in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries by … Read More
This article, perhaps more than others, is rather an exercise of linguistic logics. Roderick Chisholm, in “The Logical Form of Action Sentences, criticized an earlier article of Davidson, “The Logical Form of Action Sentences,” proposing a different theory. Davidson analyzes … Read More
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