(The beginning of physics in Latin translation in a Venetian incunabulum of 1483 adorned with hand-painted miniatures: New York, Morgan Library & Museum) Physics is next to the Metaphysics and Nicomachean Ethics of the major works of Aristotle . It deals with the explanation (definition) of some basic terms that are used … Read More
The expression naïve realism indicates a set of philosophical conceptions of perception (and by extension a set of realistic metaphysical conceptions), sometimes also called common-sense realism, direct realism , or natural realism , which strongly re-evaluate (in different ways ) the concept of common sense. (Naïve realism argues we perceive … Read More
Deterrence is a theory that one can prevent someone from doing something by fear of potential consequences. (The USS Growler, one of two submarines designed to provide a nuclear deterrence using missile cruise with a 500-mile (800 km) range-placed on … Read More
Philosophy of science is the branch of philosophy that studies the philosophical underpinnings, systems and implications of science, whether natural sciences (physics, biology, etc.) or social sciences (psychology, economics , etc.). The philosophy of science is closer to epistemology and … Read More
The state of a physical system describes all aspects of this system in order to predict the results of the experiments that can be performed. The fact that quantum mechanics is non-deterministic leads to a fundamental difference compared to the … Read More
(The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove, embroidery, 1860-1880.) Eastern philosophy is a field of philosophy which designates the philosophical traditions elaborated in the Asian, Persian and Islamic countries of tradition. Eastern philosophy is distinguished from Western philosophy by the … Read More
How much is success in a certain game dictated by skill and how much by chance? It sounds like the kind of debate that would rage between game theory undergraduates and statisticians over long evenings, but surely it is not … Read More
A theory (from Greek theorein, “contemplate, observe, examine”) is a coherent set of explanations, notions or ideas on a specific subject, which may include laws and hypotheses, induced by the accumulation of facts from of observation, experimentation or, in the … Read More
(School of Athens: Epicurus, Averroes, Pythagoras Parmenides, Socrates, by Raphael) Western philosophy refers to philosophical thought and its elaboration in the West, thus distinguishing itself from Eastern philosophy or other diverse tendencies observed among many indigenous peoples. The term is … Read More
Continental philosophy is a term originally coined by English-speaking philosophers, especially those associated with analytic philosophy to designate several philosophical traditions from continental Europe (especially Germany and then France). In use, the term continental philosophy corresponds to the Roman-Germanic tradition. … Read More
