Socrates (2)

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Before teaching others, he had to educate himself; we know nothing of this personal training; the Socrates of the Clouds (423) is a mature man, and he was over sixty when Plato knew him; at least, a precious document reveals … Read More

Elon Musk at war with Brazil

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Elon Musk is currently embroiled in a conflict with the Brazilian government, primarily over his social media platform, X. The Brazilian government issued a court order to block Musk’s social network X, as certain accounts were not suspended who spread … Read More

Presocratics – Milesian physics (2) – Anaximander

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The originality of the Milesians seems to have been the choice of images by which they represented the sky and the meteors; these images retain nothing fantastic from the myths; they are borrowed either from the arts or from direct … Read More

Hellenism and Christianity in the First Centuries of Our Era (1)

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Christianity is not opposed to Greek philosophy as one doctrine to another doctrine. The natural and spontaneous form of Christianity is not didactic and written teaching. In the Christian communities of the apostolic age, composed of artisans and ordinary people, … Read More

Philosophy of the 10th and 11th centuries: The Berengar of Tours controversy (1)

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What interests the history of philosophy is less dialectic as an art of discussion than the use we try to make of it to arrive at a conception of reality. To clarify, let us recall that Boethius’ collection posed several … Read More

Orthodoxy and heresies in the 4th and 5th centuries (1)

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We must carefully distinguish the West from the East; in the great religious controversies which marked the end of Antiquity in the East, we sense the same metaphysical concern, the same concern to determine the intelligible structure of things as … Read More

Elements of vector analysis

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Definitions Scalar field: application which associates a scalar (i.e. a number) with each point in space. Vector field: application which associates a vector with each point in space. Edges of volumes and surfaces: for a volume V, we note ∂V … Read More

Philosophy in the 17th century – The conception of human nature: authority and absolutism (2)

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One of the most characteristic productions of the century is De jure belli et pacis (1625) by Hugo Grotius (1583-1645), the author of the doctrine of the law of nature, which claims to find universal rules and obligatory for all … Read More

Newton’s thought on celestial mechanics and its diffusion

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Let us indicate, in its essential features, the change of mind produced by the prodigious success and by the diffusion of Newton’s celestial mechanics: at the beginning of the 18th century, a sort of Cartesian orthodoxy reigned almost everywhere in … Read More

19th Century Philosophy — Period of Systems (1800-1850) (2)

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It is visible that there is, looking at things broadly, a reduction in the taste and the power of analysis which had marked the eighteenth century; from the end of the 18th century, we noticed in Rousseau and many illuminists … Read More

John Stuart Mill

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The poet and the analyst, the seer and the man of reflection, after Coleridge and Carlyle, these two types emerged in English thought with extremely marked features and in irreconcilable opposition. James Mill tried to transmit to his son, John … Read More

Identity and Artificial Intelligence in The Adventures of Pinocchio

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Identity Pinocchio is, above all, what he is not. His identity is often played to the limit, imagined by himself and everyone he meets along the way. Pinocchio is the name of life that is simultaneously inorganic, human and animal. … Read More

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