Justification National measure Compatibility with EC law, in particular with the principle of proportionality Irish laws generally do not include statements of the justification for adoption. As such, the justifications included in this chart are those that have appeared in … Read More
Full name: Romania. The administrative units into which Romania is divided are called ‘judeţe’ (counties). Official language: Romanian. Geography Cities Write Bucharest for Bucureşti, but use the native forms in all other cases. Be aware that Hungarian texts may use … Read More
“Translation is entirely mysterious. Increasingly I have felt that the art of writing is itself translating, or more like translating than it is like anything else. What is the other text, the original? I have no answer. I suppose it … Read More
Approaches Direct approach: word for word translation of the source text to the target text reformulation of the word order in the target text translated Interlanguage approach: construction of the interlingua representation of the source text construction of the target … Read More
The Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society (“the Directive”) has harmonised the right of reproduction, the right of communication to the public, the right of making available to the … Read More
Gambling Industries of EU Member States The veritable backbone of the economic side of this Report consists of 25 separate presentations of the gambling industries of individual EU Member States. Those presentations systematically integrate all of the useful and prima … Read More
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES AND CURRENCIES OFFICIAL LANGUAGES Official/working/procedural languages. The relevant regulations do not distinguish between official and working languages. Internally, however, the Commission works in three languages — English, French and German — unofficially referred to as the ‘procedural languages’. … Read More
The European Commission opened, under the EU state aid rules (Articles 107 and 108 TFEU), two formal investigations in the field of gambling. One formal final decision has been adopted whilst the other one is pending: • Denmark: here the … Read More
7 steps towards a dynamic learning community The International Scientific Committee on Learning Communities was inspired by Ann Brown’s 7 models to formulate milestones indicating that a class is evolving in a dynamic learning community (Laferrière, 2005): a class operation … Read More
Full name: Portuguese Republic. Official language: Portuguese. Geography Cities Write Lisbon, but use the native form Porto (not Oporto). Rivers Write Tagus for Tejo. Islands Use the Azores. Regions PORTUGAL > PORTUGAL Continente > Continental Portugal Norte > North Algarve … Read More
A GBGC analysis has recorded the growth in interactive GGR in recent years as shown by the graph reproduced below. (See Adrian Goss, “Jay Cohen’s Brave New World: The Liability of Offshore Operators of Licensed Internet Casinos for Breach of … Read More
