Bucharest is situated in south-eastern Romania, between Ploiesti in north and Giurgiu in south. The city is located on Vlăsiei Plain, which is part of the Romanian Plain. To the east lies Bărăganul, in the western part Gavanu Burdea Plain and in south is bordered by Burnazului Plain.
Bucharest Plain, subunit of Vlăsiei Plain, extends NE and E by Bird Valley and in SE and S to Câlnăului Field and Arges-Sabar Meadow, the SV also to Arges-Sabar Meadow, and NV by Titu Plain . It was formed by the gradual withdrawal of Quaternary lake as a result of movement of raising of the Carpathians and Sub-Carpathians and intense alluvial. In Late Pleistocene alluvial deposits were covered with loess and loess deposits and early Holocene was completely exondated depression. Meanwhile rivers extended their courses and linear erosion intensifies its thick blanket of loess, thus fragmenting the plain.
Bucharest Plain has altitudes between 100-115 m in the north-west and 50-60 m in the south-east, in the Dâmboviţa Valley. The city itself takes place between 58 m and 90 m. Over 50% of its area falls in the range of 80-100 m hypsometric and slope not exceeding 2o value. Fragmentation is more pronounced in the eastern half, where it comes to 1-1.5 km/km2.
Plain topography consists of a sequence of fields (interfluves) and valleys (with terraces and floodplains) that succeed from north to south:
- Baneasa Field (or Otopeni) in north of Colentina Valley has altitudes of 90-95 m and higher density in the southern, 0.5-1 km/km2. To the contact with the slope of Colentina Valley, the slopes exceed 5 °.
- Colentina Valley is asymmetrical (due to the steeper right slope) and strongly meandering. Entry into Bucharest has width of 0.5 km and output of 1.5 km. Along they are two low terraces (2-3 m and 4-6 m) and witnesses drawn from fields or terraces. Meadow is wide and well developed on both sides, but due to the regularization it was covered by water reservoirs. There are still a few Popina form of islands: Plumbuita, Ostrov, Dobroesti and Panteleimon.
- Colentina Field (or Giuleşti-Floreasca), between Omonia and Dâmboviţa River, covers about 36% of the municipality, with a slight tilt in NW-SE direction (between 80 and 60 m). Density of the fragmentation has values between 0 and 1 km/km2.
- Dâmboviţa Valley is dug in loess, with the right bank steeper and high (about 10-15 m) and the lower left (between 4-5 m 7-8 m upstream and downstream). Terraces are developed predominantly on the left side of the river, and there are four terraces. By setting the course, there were peaks in the meadow, popin, reindeer, sand banks, islands and steep banks. At present there are still a number of peaks (Uranus-Mihai Voda) and Popina (Metropolitan Hill, Radu Voda Hill, Great Hill).
- Cotroceni-Berceni Field (or Cotroceni-Văcăreşti) runs from Dâmboviţa Valley, north, and Sabar river in the south. It decreases in altitude from west (90 m) to the east (60 m), predominantly hypsometric steps of 70-80 m and 80-90 m, and density up to 0.5 to 1 km/km2.
Water, flora and fauna
Bucharest is situated on the banks of the Dâmboviţa River, which flows into the Arges tributary of the Danube. Several lakes stretch along the river Colentina within the city, as Herastrau Lake, Floreasca Lake, Tei Lake and Colentina Lake. And in the center there is a lake in the Cismigiu Park. This lake, pond formerly in the old medieval city, is surrounded by Cismigiu Garden, opened in 1847 by German architect Carl FW Meyer. In addition to Cişmigiu there are in Bucharest other major parks: Herastrau Park (with the Village Museum) and the Botanical Garden (the largest in Romania and containing over 10,000 species of plants including exoticones), Youth Park, Alexandru Ioan Cuza Park (known as well as the Titan Park or IOR Park) and several smaller parks and green areas of the district municipalities.
Climate
The climate is specific to Romania, temperate continental. Four seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn. Winters are fairly mild in Bucharest with little snow and relatively high temperatures, while in recent years the summers are very hot (high temperature up to 40 degrees in the shade) and little precipitation. This causes temperature differences winter – summer up to 60 degrees.
Translated and adapted from Wikipedia.
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